Scientific Calculator - Advanced Math Functions Online Free
Full featured scientific calculator with trigonometry, logarithms, exponents, factorials, and more. Free, accurate, works on any device without downloads.
Mathematical Constants
Click any constant to insert it into the calculator
How to Use the Scientific Calculator
Master advanced calculations in minutes
Enter Your Expression
Type numbers and select operations. Use parentheses to group calculations. The expression displays at the top so you can verify your input.
Choose Functions
Select from trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, and other advanced functions. Toggle between degrees and radians for angle measurements.
Get Instant Results
Press equals to calculate. Results display with full precision. Use memory functions to store values for later use in complex calculations.
Calculator Functions Reference
Complete guide to all available functions
Trigonometric Functions
Logarithmic Functions
Powers & Roots
Other Functions
Keyboard Shortcuts
Use your keyboard for faster calculations
Common Scientific Calculations
Examples of everyday scientific calculator uses
Trigonometry
Logarithms
Powers & Roots
Factorials
Why Use Our Scientific Calculator?
Trusted by students, engineers, and scientists worldwide
High Precision
Calculations accurate to 15 significant digits. Reliable results for academic, professional, and research applications.
Instant Results
Zero delay calculations. Complex expressions evaluate immediately as you press equals.
Works Everywhere
Fully responsive design works perfectly on phones, tablets, laptops, and desktops. No app download needed.
Memory Functions
Store and recall values with M+, M−, MR, MC, and MS buttons. Essential for multi step calculations.
Calculation History
Review previous calculations and reuse results. Perfect for checking work or continuing complex problems.
Keyboard Support
Full keyboard shortcuts for power users. Type expressions naturally without using the mouse.
Who Uses Scientific Calculators?
Essential tool across many fields and disciplines
Students
From algebra and geometry through calculus and physics, students at every level need scientific calculators for homework, exams, and understanding mathematical concepts.
Scientists
Research in chemistry, physics, biology, and other sciences requires precise calculations involving logarithms, exponentials, and trigonometric functions.
Engineers
Civil, mechanical, electrical, and software engineers calculate forces, circuits, algorithms, and designs that require advanced mathematical functions.
Financial Analysts
Compound interest, logarithmic growth, and statistical calculations are fundamental to financial modeling and investment analysis.
Architects
Building design involves trigonometry for angles, roots for diagonal measurements, and complex calculations for structural integrity.
Programmers
Computer science involves binary conversions, algorithm complexity calculations, and mathematical functions for graphics and simulations.
Understanding the Scientific Calculator
A scientific calculator extends beyond basic arithmetic to include functions essential for mathematics, science, and engineering. While a standard calculator handles addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, a scientific calculator adds trigonometric functions, logarithms, exponents, roots, factorials, and more. These capabilities make it indispensable for anyone working with advanced mathematics.
Our online scientific calculator provides all the functionality of a physical scientific calculator without the need to purchase hardware or carry a device. It works directly in your web browser on any computer, tablet, or smartphone. The interface mimics the familiar layout of physical calculators while adding modern conveniences like calculation history and clipboard integration.
Trigonometric Functions Explained
Trigonometry studies relationships between angles and sides of triangles. The three primary trigonometric functions are sine, cosine, and tangent. The sine of an angle equals the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse in a right triangle. The cosine equals the adjacent side divided by the hypotenuse. The tangent equals the opposite side divided by the adjacent side.
These functions have applications far beyond triangles. They describe wave patterns in physics, periodic phenomena in engineering, and circular motion in mechanics. Our calculator supports both degree and radian modes because different fields use different angle measurements. Degrees divide a circle into 360 parts while radians use the mathematical constant pi, with a full circle equaling 2π radians.
Inverse trigonometric functions work in reverse, finding angles when you know the ratios. Arcsine, arccosine, and arctangent return the angle whose sine, cosine, or tangent equals the input value. These are essential when you need to determine angles from measured lengths or known ratios.
Logarithms and Exponentials
Logarithms answer the question of what exponent produces a given result. The common logarithm uses base 10, so log(100) equals 2 because 10 squared equals 100. The natural logarithm uses the mathematical constant e (approximately 2.718) as its base and appears throughout calculus and natural sciences.
Exponential functions reverse logarithms. The function 10^x calculates 10 raised to any power, while e^x calculates the natural exponential. These functions model growth and decay in populations, radioactive materials, compound interest, and countless other phenomena. Understanding the relationship between logarithms and exponentials is fundamental to higher mathematics.
Powers, Roots, and Factorials
Raising numbers to powers multiplies a number by itself repeatedly. Squaring a number multiplies it by itself once, cubing multiplies it twice, and so on. The general power function lets you raise any number to any exponent, including fractional exponents that calculate roots.
Roots reverse the power operation. The square root of 144 is 12 because 12 squared equals 144. Cube roots work similarly with third powers. Our calculator provides dedicated buttons for common roots while the power function handles any root by using fractional exponents.
Factorials multiply all positive integers up to a given number. Five factorial (written 5!) equals 5 times 4 times 3 times 2 times 1, which equals 120. Factorials grow extremely quickly and appear in probability calculations, combinations, permutations, and series expansions.
Memory Functions for Complex Calculations
Memory functions store intermediate results during multi step calculations. Memory Store (MS) saves the current display value. Memory Recall (MR) retrieves the stored value. Memory Plus (M+) adds the display to memory. Memory Minus (M−) subtracts from memory. Memory Clear (MC) erases the stored value.
These functions prove invaluable when calculations require reusing a result multiple times or when you need to calculate several components before combining them. Rather than writing down intermediate values, you store them in memory and recall them as needed. Our calculator shows a memory indicator when a value is stored so you always know when memory contains data.
Tips for Accurate Calculations
Order of operations matters in complex expressions. Our calculator follows standard mathematical precedence: parentheses first, then exponents, then multiplication and division left to right, and finally addition and subtraction left to right. When in doubt, use parentheses to ensure operations happen in your intended order.
Verify your angle mode before trigonometric calculations. Calculating sine of 90 in degree mode gives 1, but in radian mode gives a completely different result because 90 radians is not the same as 90 degrees. The display shows your current mode so you can always confirm the setting.
For very large or very small results, the calculator uses scientific notation. A result like 3.5e+12 means 3.5 times 10 to the 12th power, or 3,500,000,000,000. Understanding scientific notation helps you interpret results from calculations involving astronomical or atomic scale quantities.
Frequently Asked Questions
Everything you need to know about the scientific calculator
What is the difference between DEG and RAD mode?
DEG mode interprets angles in degrees (360 degrees in a circle), while RAD mode uses radians (2π radians in a circle). Most everyday problems use degrees, but calculus and advanced physics typically use radians. Always check your mode before trigonometric calculations to ensure correct results.
How do I calculate powers and roots?
For squares, use the x² button. For cubes, use x³. For any power, use the xʸ button, enter the base, then the exponent. For square roots, use √. For cube roots, use ³√. For other roots like fourth root, raise to the power of 1/4 using xʸ. For example, the fourth root of 16 is 16^0.25 = 2.
What does the ln button do versus log?
The log button calculates the base 10 logarithm (common logarithm). The ln button calculates the natural logarithm using base e (approximately 2.718). For example, log(100) = 2 because 10² = 100, while ln(e) = 1 because e¹ = e. Natural logarithms are used extensively in calculus and growth/decay problems.
How do the memory functions work?
MS (Memory Store) saves the displayed value. MR (Memory Recall) retrieves it. M+ adds the display to memory. M− subtracts from memory. MC clears memory. An "M" indicator appears when memory holds a value. Use these for multi step calculations where you need to reuse intermediate results.
Can I use my keyboard to enter calculations?
Yes! Use number keys for digits, +, −, *, / for operations, Enter or = for equals, Backspace to delete, Escape or C to clear, parentheses for grouping, . for decimal, and ^ for exponents. Keyboard entry is often faster than clicking buttons for experienced users.
What is factorial and when do I use it?
Factorial (n!) multiplies all positive integers from 1 to n. For example, 5! = 5×4×3×2×1 = 120. Factorials are used in probability, permutations (arranging items in order), combinations (selecting items regardless of order), and Taylor series in calculus. Note that factorials grow very quickly: 10! is already over 3 million.
How do I calculate inverse trigonometric functions?
Use sin⁻¹, cos⁻¹, or tan⁻¹ buttons. Enter a value between −1 and 1 (for sin⁻¹ and cos⁻¹) or any value (for tan⁻¹), then press the inverse function. The result is the angle whose trig function equals that value. For example, sin⁻¹(0.5) = 30° in degree mode because sin(30°) = 0.5.
What does the ANS button do?
ANS inserts your previous calculation result into the current expression. This lets you chain calculations without retyping numbers. For example, if you just calculated 25 + 17 = 42, you can start a new calculation with ANS × 2 to multiply 42 by 2 without typing 42.
Why does my trigonometric result seem wrong?
The most common cause is using the wrong angle mode. Check whether you are in DEG or RAD mode. If you enter 90 expecting to calculate sine of 90 degrees but the calculator is in RAD mode, you will get the sine of 90 radians instead, which is a completely different value. Always verify your mode before trig calculations.
Is this calculator free to use?
Yes, completely free with no limitations. Use it for unlimited calculations without signing up, downloading software, or paying anything. It works on any device with a web browser. There are no premium features locked behind payments. Every function shown is fully available to all users.
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